Economic Opportunities and Labour Rights

Frente à crise iniciada em 2008, a migração de retorno passou a compor, em todo o mundo, a cena dos trajetos migratórios do segundo decênio do Século XXI. No caso brasileiro, este movimento toma especial importância, pois a situação econômica do país, naquele momento, mais favorável em relação aos países centrais do sistema capitalista, funcionou como um...

A crise econômica internacional desencadeada em 2008 produziu enormes efeitos sobre as migrações mundiais. Alguns estudos têm sido dedicados a esta temática. O objetivo deste artigo é refletir e discutir sobre a existência de um possível fluxo de retorno dos imigrantes brasileiros em Portugal ao país de origem. Os resultados desta investigação apontam para...

It is almost four years since the signing of the Helsinki peace agreement that brought an end to almost 30 years of conflict in Aceh. The consolidation of this peace is a long and continuous process that will require various interventions from provincial, national and international actors. The MGKD Project was one of the first large interventions to deal...

The armed conflict that broke out, in 2012 in Mali, had led to a complicated humanitarian situation with the massive influx of tens of thousands of Malian refugees and their livestock to settle in southeastern Mauritania. In this area, the majority of the local population and the Malian refugees rely on pastoralism for their livelihood. And scarce natural...

Return migration is an integral and significant element in the cycle of international migration. In recent years, it has received increased focus from host and origin countries because both groups are interested in leveraging return migration to their economic advantage. Despite this growing attention, limited research has been conducted to understand the...

The Policy Guide on Entrepreneurship for Migrants and Refugees draws on the experience, knowledge and networks of UNCTAD, IOM and UNHCR in the fields of migration and entrepreneurship development. This inter-agency document offers practical guidance to policymakers and development partners. It was produced in response to the New York Declaration for Refugees...

This study examines internal mobility in The Gambia and provides socio-economic profiles of migrants who move from rural to urban settings. Migrants' places of origin and destination, drivers of migration and travel intentions were analysed to further develop the profile. A complementary objective of the study is to consider the profile of rural-to-urban...

Return migration has in recent decades emerged as a critical element of many governments' migration policy - an integral part of effective migration management, alongside strong border management and timely and fair asylum processes. It is seen by many as the cornerstone of any successful strategy to prevent or deter irregular migration and residence in EU...

Media coverage of armed civil conflict rarely highlights the fact that temporary migrant workers often are among the innocent civilians who suffer, as occurred during the Libyan civil war. That conflict, which began in February 2011, resulted in the displacement and evacuation of migrants on a size and scale not seen in recent years -- with hundreds of...

Ce livret présente une série d’histoires de migrants inscrits au programme d’aide au retour volontaire et à la réintégration (AVRR) au Maroc. Ces voix qui méritent d’être écoutées ont pu profiter avant le retour dans leur pays d’origine, d’une série de modules de formation de courte durée visant essentiellement à renforcer la durabilité de la réintégration...

Although there is consensus among different actors regarding the seriousness and significance of re-trafficking as a problem, there has been very little research conducted into its incidence, cause or consequence. This research paper, funded by United States Department of State Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking (G/TIP), aims to address this gap...

Return and reintegration can be at odds with the practice of mobility in Afghanistan. Return and reintegration is often built on a sedentary assumption, understood as a one-way process that leads to people being anchored (Natta, 2014) back in their homes. This represents a narrow view of Afghan mobility, which is in reality built on decades of crossborder...

In the context of assisting in the transition and recovery of conflict affected societies and communities, IOM has supported disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration (DDR) programmes for ex-combatants/fighters and their communities of return, through more than 120 projects over the last 25 years. Primarily comprised of reintegration-related work, these...

Given the unique profile of Lebanese returnees, it is critical to obtain an overview on their numbers and living conditions. Accordingly, from 20 April to 31 May 2015, the International Organization for Migration (IOM) and the Lebanese High Relief Commission (HRC) conducted the second Lebanese Returnee Registration drive, which aimed to register all Lebanese...

In 2013, massive labour migrants were deported from Saudi Arabia as a consequence of the Nitaqat programme, which aimed to increase job opportunities for Saudi citizens. Neighbouring Yemen has been most affected by the programme, with almost 600,000 Yemenis crossing the border back into Yemen. The economic situation of Yemen, one of the poorest countries in...

Among the different stages of the migration process, return is the one which is least well understood. The motives guiding return cannot be easily categorized and are highly context dependent (Bastia, 2011). Scholars and policymakers have focused on understanding and analysing decisions for departure, failing to acknowledge that migration is a...

This summary report provides a detailed analysis of the situation of migrants who have returned home to several West African countries as a result of the conflict in Libya. This report is the full version which IOM’s Policy in Brief – Returnees from Libya: The Bittersweet Experience of Coming Home is based on. It provides an understanding of the factors that...

The Assisted Voluntary Return and Reintegration 2011 Annual Report outlines IOM’s work carried out during 2011 in the areas of ‘Assisted Voluntary Return and Reintegration’ (AVRR) and `Post-Arrival and Reintegration Assistance` (PARA) exclusively implemented in countries of origin to assist both migrants returning voluntarily with IOM and migrants returned...

The Assisted Voluntary Return and Reintegration 2010 Annual Report outlines IOM’s work implemented during 2010 in the areas of ‘Assisted Voluntary Return and Reintegration’ (AVRR) and `Post-Arrival and Reintegration Assistance` (PARA) exclusively implemented in countries of origin to assist both migrants returning voluntarily with IOM and migrants returned...

This report provides an update to a policy brief issued in May 2012, on the situation of migrants who returned to their home countries as a result of the conflict in Libya in 2011. Now two years after mass returns began, the aftermath of the crisis continues to reverberate in countries across Northern and Western Africa as well as beyond, in Asia. To this...